28 de março de 2024

Long-term Cannabis Abuse and Early-Onset Cannabis Use Increase the Severity of Cocaine Withdrawal during Detoxification and Rehospitalization rates due to Cocaine Dependence

26 de setembro de 201411min0
31f05cdee27bc16fd5bece3f6696c76f

  • aCentre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 928, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • bCentre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, PUCRS. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 928, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • cPostgraduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 936, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • dCentre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, PUCRS. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 928, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • eHealth Science Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
  • fCentre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PUCRS. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 928, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Highlights

 

Long-term cannabis abuse is implicated in worse cocaine withdrawal during detoxification.

Early-onset is related to worse cocaine withdrawal during detoxification.

Long-term cannabis abuse predicted higher re-hospitalization rates due to cocaine dependence.

Cannabis use should be considered an adverse factor to cocaine withdrawal.

 


Abstract

Background

Long-term and early-onset cannabis consumption are implicated in subsequent substance-related problems. The aim of this follow-up study was to investigate whether these patterns of cannabis use could impact cocaine withdrawal severity and cocaine craving intensity during detoxification. In addition, we investigated their impact in the rehospitalization rates due to cocaine dependence after 2.5 years of detoxification assessment.

Methods

The sample was composed of 93 female cocaine-dependent inpatients who enrolled in an inpatient detoxification unit. Cocaine withdrawal symptoms were measured at the 4th, 9th and 14th days of detoxification using the Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA). Data on the age in the first year of drug use–alcohol, cannabis and cocaine–and the years of substance abuse were obtained using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6). Other relevant clinical variables were also investigated, including a 2.5 years follow-up assessment of rehospitalization rates due to cocaine dependence.

Results

Early-onset cannabis use and long-term cannabis abuse were associated with an increase instead of a reduction in the severity of cocaine withdrawal symptoms and craving intensity during detoxification. In addition long-term cannabis abuse predicted higher rehospitalization rates due to cocaine dependence after 2.5 years of the first detoxification assessment.

Conclusions

Early-onset cannabis use and long-term cannabis abuse are associated with a worse detoxification treatment response. Our findings may help to identify patients who will struggle more severely to control cocaine withdrawal syndrome during early drug abstinence, and indicate that cannabis use prior to cocaine withdrawal should be considered an adverse factor.

Keywords

  • cannabis;
  • cocaine;
  • substance withdrawal syndrome;
  • adolescent;
  • addictive behavior;
  • hospitalization
Corresponding author. Centre of Studies and Research in Traumatic Stress, PUCRS. Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 11, sala 928, Zipcode: 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Phone/Fax: +55 51 3320 3633.

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Sobre a UNIAD

A Unidade de Pesquisa em álcool e Drogas (UNIAD) foi fundada em 1994 pelo Prof. Dr. Ronaldo Laranjeira e John Dunn, recém-chegados da Inglaterra. A criação contou, na época, com o apoio do Departamento de Psiquiatria da UNIFESP. Inicialmente (1994-1996) funcionou dentro do Complexo Hospital São Paulo, com o objetivo de atender funcionários dependentes.



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